終于明白了！X光、CT、B超、磁共振，區(qū)別太大了......飛天 <p><b style="font-size: 20px;">資料來源/網(wǎng)絡(luò)</b></p><p><b style="font-size: 20px;">美篇編輯/飛天</b></p> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><b> 對(duì)于X線、CT、B超、核磁共振(MRI) 這些常用的影像學(xué)檢查，很多人多分不清楚。天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)總醫(yī)院骨科主任醫(yī)師雪原把身體比作食物，告訴你這些檢查如何發(fā)揮不同的作用。</b></span></h3> <h1> 1??</h1> <h1><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> X光：像把面包壓扁了看</font></strong></h1> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> X光會(huì)穿過人體，遇到被遮擋的部位，底片上不會(huì)曝光，洗片后這個(gè)部位就是白色的。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 比如，大腿的骨頭是圓的，可是片子上是平的，但可以看到其中絲絲屢屢的骨小梁。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 就像一片面包或一塊棉花，看不到里面的纖維紋理，但用手壓癟了會(huì)清晰一些。其最大缺點(diǎn)是深淺組織的影像相互重疊，相互隱藏，有時(shí)還需要拍側(cè)位的X光片。</h3></div> <h1> 2??</h1> <h1><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> CT：像把面包切片看</font></strong></h1> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"> CT的檢查原理是X光會(huì)分層穿過人體，之后通過電腦計(jì)算后二次成像，就像把一片面包切成片來看，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以分層看，而且經(jīng)計(jì)算后可以顯示出更多的組織信息。</span></h3> <h1> 3??</h1> <h1><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> B超：像挑西瓜前敲一敲</font></strong></h1> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"> B超的原理是用超聲波穿透人體，當(dāng)聲波遇到不同的組織，特別是組織界面時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生反射波，超聲探頭一面發(fā)出超聲，一面接受反射波，并通過計(jì)算反射波成像。就像挑西瓜一樣，邊敲邊看顯示病灶情況。</span></h3> <h1> 4??</h1> <h1><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> MRI：搖一搖再看</font></strong></h1> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 核磁共振(MRI)的顯影原理是探測(cè)水分子的變化。身體里的水分子，在不同組織中含量差別較大，但是每個(gè)水分子的磁場(chǎng)磁力線方向都是隨意的。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 核磁共振機(jī)使用較強(qiáng)大的磁場(chǎng)，使人體中所有水分子磁場(chǎng)的磁力線方向一致，這時(shí)磁共振機(jī)的磁場(chǎng)突然消失，身體中水分子的磁力線方向，突然恢復(fù)到原來隨意排列的狀態(tài)。反復(fù)多次施加磁場(chǎng)又突然消失，核磁共振機(jī)會(huì)得到充分的數(shù)據(jù)并運(yùn)算后成像。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 簡(jiǎn)單說就相當(dāng)于用手搖一搖，讓水分子振動(dòng)起來，再平靜下來，感受一下里面的振動(dòng)。所以，核磁共振(MRI)也被戲說為是搖搖看的檢查。</h3></div> <h1> 5??</h1> <h1><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> 醫(yī)生為啥這樣開檢查單？</font></strong></h1> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 就診時(shí)，醫(yī)生常會(huì)開各種各樣的影像學(xué)檢查單：超聲、CT、核磁……不少患者對(duì)此很不解，還會(huì)質(zhì)疑醫(yī)生有時(shí)故意開高價(jià)檢查單。其實(shí)，醫(yī)生是依據(jù)不同病情選不同影像檢查的。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><b>1、外傷骨頭——粗看X光片、細(xì)看CT、核磁看不清</b><br></h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 各種外傷，如果懷疑傷到了骨頭，X光片的檢查結(jié)果快速易得，一般是最先選擇。如果要進(jìn)一步更細(xì)觀察，可以選擇CT。超聲、核磁對(duì)于骨皮髓質(zhì)等看不大清，其效果不及X射線為基礎(chǔ)的X光片與CT。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><b>2、頸椎腰椎——最佳選核磁、次選CT</b></h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 頸椎病、腰椎間盤突出等椎間盤疾病需要觀察椎間盤與相應(yīng)的神經(jīng)根，要想更好觀察這些軟組織，最優(yōu)選擇就是核磁。同樣，對(duì)于關(guān)節(jié)、肌肉、脂肪組織檢查，核磁也是首選。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><b>3、胸部——大致了解看X光片，細(xì)致分析選CT，看肺不要選核磁</b></h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> X光胸片可粗略檢查心臟、主動(dòng)脈、肺、胸膜、肋骨等，可以檢查有無肺紋理增多、肺部鈣化點(diǎn)、主動(dòng)脈結(jié)鈣化等。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 相比X線，胸部CT檢查顯示出的結(jié)構(gòu)更清晰，對(duì)胸部病變檢出敏感性和顯示病變的準(zhǔn)確性均優(yōu)于常規(guī)X光胸片，特別是對(duì)于早期肺癌確診有決定性意義。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 高分辨CT又進(jìn)一步增加了對(duì)肺部觀察的分辨率，對(duì)于某些疾病(如肺間質(zhì)疾病)意義重大，但是CT檢查的輻射劑量明顯高于X線。核磁對(duì)于肺部疾病的診斷，應(yīng)用非常有限。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><b>4、腹部盆腔——除腸道外，一般超聲都能查</b></h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 膽囊等腹腔器官受呼吸影響較大，進(jìn)而影響到CT、核磁成像，而超聲不會(huì)因此受影響。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 同時(shí)，超聲對(duì)肝臟、脾臟、胰腺、腎臟、盆腔臟器等診斷準(zhǔn)確率較高，在有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的超聲醫(yī)生檢查下，準(zhǔn)確率不亞于CT、核磁。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 但是超聲受氣體干擾很大，對(duì)于腸道等含氣較多的器官，超聲診斷準(zhǔn)確率會(huì)降低。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><b>5、心臟——排除冠心病用CT，看心功能用超聲</b></h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 如果是常規(guī)的心臟結(jié)構(gòu)與功能檢查，心臟彩超所提供的信息已經(jīng)較為充分，又簡(jiǎn)單易行。</h3><h3><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 用CT檢查冠狀動(dòng)脈，若未發(fā)現(xiàn)狹窄，即可排除冠心病，冠脈CT檢查輻射量較大，不適合作為常規(guī)體檢。核磁雖無電磁輻射，但對(duì)冠狀動(dòng)脈的觀察不及CT。心臟核磁是評(píng)價(jià)心臟結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的“金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。當(dāng)發(fā)生心肌梗死時(shí)，心臟核磁能準(zhǔn)確顯示心臟房室腔大小、室壁厚度。</h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><strong><font color="#ed2308">延伸閱讀：</font></strong></h3><p style="color: rgb(76, 76, 76);"><strong><br></strong></h3><h3><strong><font color="#b04fbb">體檢漏掉6項(xiàng)可能誤大病，為你私人定制一張“體檢項(xiàng)目清單”</font></strong></h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong><font color="#1564fa"> 1??體檢前做好7件事</font></strong><br></h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 體檢的主要目的是評(píng)估當(dāng)前健康狀態(tài)，為了體檢結(jié)果不受影響，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">1.體檢前勿大量飲酒、大魚大肉、熬夜或短期劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">2.空腹時(shí)間不要太長(zhǎng)或太短。如果要在早晨8點(diǎn)抽血，前一天晚上8點(diǎn)以后就不要再進(jìn)食了?？崭钩檠詈迷谠缟?點(diǎn)半到8點(diǎn)半之間進(jìn)行。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">3.體檢前一天晚上最好別大量飲水，特別是12點(diǎn)以后。體檢當(dāng)天早上可以少量喝水，控制在50~100毫升以內(nèi)。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">4.高血壓、糖尿病、心臟病等慢性病患者應(yīng)照常吃藥，以免引起心腦血管意外。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">5.體檢前一天不要做劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)，以免影響血糖、肌酐、肝功能等血液檢測(cè)結(jié)果。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">6.體檢當(dāng)天宜輕便著裝，不戴隱形眼鏡、不化妝、不戴首飾。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">7.感冒、發(fā)燒時(shí)不體檢。女性月經(jīng)期不做婦科檢查及尿檢。</h3></div> <h3><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> </font></strong></h3><h3><strong style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><font color="#1564fa"> 2??體檢千萬別漏這6項(xiàng)</font></strong><br></h3> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 體檢中，人們最常犯的錯(cuò)誤是隨意漏檢一些重要項(xiàng)目。調(diào)查顯示，“棄檢”項(xiàng)目中排在第一位的是肛門指檢，39%的人主動(dòng)放棄。<br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><b>醫(yī)生提醒你，漏掉以下幾項(xiàng)不檢查，小心耽誤大?。?lt;/b></h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><strong>1.肛門指檢</strong></h3><h3><strong><br></strong></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> “肛門指檢”是一種方便、經(jīng)濟(jì)、安全、準(zhǔn)確的檢查方法，僅憑外科醫(yī)生一根手指就能令常見的肛腸疾?。ㄈ缰摊彙⒏亓?、肛瘺、直腸息肉、直腸腫瘤等）和前列腺疾?。ㄈ缜傲邢俜蚀?、前列腺癌等）原形畢露。</h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 很多人因?yàn)楹π呋蚝ε略凇案亻T檢查”那一欄里寫了放棄。實(shí)際上，直腸指檢并沒有想象中那么不舒服。<br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 中國人直腸癌的發(fā)病率逐年上升并趨向年輕化，80%的癌腫可以通過肛門指檢被發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此即使毫無癥狀，40歲以上人群應(yīng)每年進(jìn)行一次直腸指檢。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong>2.尿常規(guī)</strong></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 尿檢是腎臟、泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)疾病的第一道風(fēng)向標(biāo)，且敏感性高。<br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 即使沒有癥狀，一般也需每年篩查一次尿常規(guī)。如果已有高血壓、糖尿病等，則應(yīng)根據(jù)病情，每年定期檢查兩次或兩次以上。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3><strong>3.糞便分析</strong></h3><h3><strong><br></strong></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><h3> 很多人嫌麻煩不驗(yàn)糞便。糞便分析是消化道疾病的“照妖鏡”，可以了解胃腸道有無出血、炎癥、寄生蟲感染、消化吸收功能等情況。</h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 糞便檢查結(jié)果，特別是反復(fù)的潛血試驗(yàn)陽性，若除外痔瘡、肛裂等原因，往往是早期胃腸道腫瘤的信號(hào)。若放棄大小便檢查，極有可能錯(cuò)失早期發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病的良機(jī)。<br></h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong>4.胸片</strong></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 很多人“談 X 線色變”，因?yàn)榕螺椛涠慌男仄?，這其實(shí)是得不償失的行為。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 拍胸片可大致了解胸部情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)部分支氣管疾患、結(jié)核、肺癌等。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;">拍一次胸片的輻射量很小，僅相當(dāng)于7~10天自然輻射量，對(duì)普通人身體的影響基本可以忽略。孕婦或計(jì)劃3個(gè)月內(nèi)懷孕的女性可不拍胸片。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong>5.婦科檢查</strong><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 不少女性常會(huì)避開這項(xiàng)檢查，認(rèn)為只要檢查子宮附件B超就足夠了。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 除了婦檢中要暴露隱私部位以及回答一些令人尷尬的問題外，更多是因?yàn)椴涣私鈰D檢到底查了些什么。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 看似簡(jiǎn)單的婦科檢查，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)很多婦科疾?。?amp;nbsp;</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 看外陰有無腫瘤、炎癥、尖銳濕疣等；<br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 陰道檢查看有無畸形、炎癥、白帶異常等；</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 宮頸檢查要看宮頸形態(tài)，有沒有炎癥、腫物，并進(jìn)行宮頸細(xì)胞學(xué)檢查。九成以上的宮頸癌可以由此檢出。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 此外，婦科檢查還包括觸診了解子宮的大小形態(tài)以及子宮的位置，一些卵巢腫瘤、子宮內(nèi)膜異位、子宮肌瘤、盆腔粘連等疾病也可能被發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，有過性生活的女性，每年應(yīng)至少接受一次婦科檢查。</h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong>6.五官科檢查</strong><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 很多人只重視心肝肺，忽視耳鼻眼口。如果體檢時(shí)放棄五官科檢查，可能錯(cuò)過發(fā)現(xiàn)很多疾病或癌前病變的機(jī)會(huì)。</h3></div> <div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 耳鼻喉科不僅可發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分急慢性炎癥，還可篩查淺表腫瘤。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 眼科對(duì)青光眼、白內(nèi)障、眼底出血等常見病檢出率非常高。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 口腔科除了可發(fā)現(xiàn)牙齒和牙周問題，更能發(fā)現(xiàn)口腔黏膜癌前病變，如黏膜白斑、纖維化等。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><strong> 3??特別提醒</strong></h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"><br></h3><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> “肝功能異?！薄案哐薄凹谞钕?乳腺/肺結(jié)節(jié)”……一本厚厚的體檢報(bào)告可能會(huì)羅列幾條甚至十幾條“陽性發(fā)現(xiàn)”，很多人常被嚇得寢食難安。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 重視體檢結(jié)果沒錯(cuò)，但不要過度緊張，個(gè)別項(xiàng)目偶爾一次不在正常范圍內(nèi)，不見得就是疾病，一定先要咨詢醫(yī)生。</h3></div><div style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(76, 76, 76); color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: 寰蔣闆呴粦, "Microsoft yahei", Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.76799964904785px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><p style="padding-top: 0.32rem; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 另外，<strong>建議大家把近些年的體檢報(bào)告妥善保存，方便觀察身體指標(biāo)的變化。</strong></h3></div> <p class="ql-block"> （本文轉(zhuǎn)載來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，來源鳳凰新聞，著作權(quán)歸原作者所有）</p><p class="ql-block"><b> 本人長(zhǎng)期從事醫(yī)療行政工作，覺此文非常有用，故制作此美篇，以饗讀者。 </b></p> <h1><br></h1><h1><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);"><i>?關(guān)愛生命，請(qǐng)留意來自良心醫(yī)生的視頻：</i></b></h1><p><br></p> <h1><b style="color: rgb(21, 100, 250);">心臟驟停，請(qǐng)記住黃金四分鐘的第一反應(yīng)！??</b></h1> <h1><b style="color: rgb(21, 100, 250);">如果發(fā)生腦血管意外，請(qǐng)記住這位醫(yī)生的提醒??:??</b></h1> <p><b style="color: rgb(21, 100, 250); font-size: 20px;">腦出血和腦梗死??</b></p> <p><b style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(21, 100, 250);">一種特殊類型的頭痛??</b></p> <p><b style="color: rgb(21, 100, 250); font-size: 20px;">一天中，腦梗死最容易發(fā)生的時(shí)間??</b></p> <h1><b style="color: rgb(21, 100, 250);">高血壓患者應(yīng)該怎樣??</b></h1> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(22, 126, 251); font-size: 20px;">異物卡入食管，海姆立克急救法演示??</b></p> <p><b style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(21, 100, 250);">請(qǐng)避免錯(cuò)誤使用膝關(guān)節(jié)導(dǎo)致的損傷??</b></p>